Stellar Winds Sculpt the Spectacular Bubble Nebula Formation
Bubble Nebula, also known as NGC 7635, is a nebula located in the constellation Cassiopeia which gets its shape from the stellar wind of the star at its center.
The Bubble Nebula, also known as NGC 7635, is an emission nebula located in the constellation Cassiopeia. This celestial object is named for its distinctive bubble-like appearance, which sets it apart from other nebulae.
What is a Nebula?
A nebula is an astronomical object composed of dust, hydrogen, helium, and other ionized gases. These formations occupy the space between stars and are often found in regions with many new stars. Nebulae can appear dark if they absorb and block light from behind them or emit noticeable light if they contain ionized gases.
Characteristics of the Bubble Nebula
The Bubble Nebula does not neatly fit into dark or bright nebula categories. Instead, it is an emission nebula that glows due to ionized gases emitting light in various colors. The stunning images we see are captured using special equipment that collects light over extended periods.
Unique Structure
The most intriguing aspect of the Bubble Nebula is its unique bubble-like shape, which is uncommon among nebular formations. This distinctive structure is caused by a star at its center—SAO 20575. Unlike most nebulas formed primarily by intense radiation, the Bubble Nebula’s shape results from a stellar wind emanating from SAO 20575.
Formation Process
The stellar wind from SAO 20575 pushes against surrounding dust and gas, forming a “shell” around the star that resembles a bubble suspended in space. This stellar wind has been blowing for approximately 10,000 years based on estimates derived from measuring the bubble's rate of expansion and size.
Future Evolution
Over future millennia, these stellar winds will continue to push against the encompassed dust and gas. As SAO 20575 ages and exhausts its hydrogen fuel, it will eventually explode as a supernova. This explosion will release an intense wave of energy that might break the bubble apart.
Conclusion
The Bubble Nebula spans seven light-years but remains invisible without telescopes and special filters tuned to narrow wavelengths. Its unique structure and formation process offers a glimpse into the magnificent phenomena hiding just beyond our naked eye view in our universe.
Astronomers gain valuable insights into stellar evolution and the dynamic processes shaping our cosmos by studying objects like the Bubble Nebula.